Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Monitor Cerebral and Renal Oxygen Saturation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery for Paediatric Congenital Heart Disease: Study Protocol for a Prospective Observational Cohort Trial

April 10, 2025 No Comments

This BMJ Open study outlines a prospective cohort trial evaluating near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) to monitor cerebral and renal oxygen saturation during pediatric cardiopulmonary bypass surgery. It aims to link intraoperative oxygenation levels with postoperative brain and kidney injuries, assessing outcomes with biomarkers and quality-of-life metrics. Findings could improve organ injury prediction and perioperative care in congenital heart disease surgeries.

Evaluation of Postoperative Delirium in Cardiac Surgery Patients With the SDACS Screening Tool: A Multicenter-Multiphase Study

April 6, 2025 No Comments

This study developed and validated the SDACS screening tool to predict postoperative delirium in cardiac surgery patients. Conducted across three academic hospitals with 920 participants, it identified four key predictors: chronic opioid use, hearing impairment, benzodiazepine history, and poor postoperative sleep. The tool demonstrated strong predictive power (AUC = 0.897), offering clinicians a practical instrument to guide early interventions.

Vasoplegic Syndrome in Cardiac Surgery: Bridging Therapeutic Gaps with Best Practices and Future Research

April 6, 2025 No Comments

This article explores vasoplegic syndrome (VS), a serious complication following cardiac surgery involving cardiopulmonary bypass. It discusses inconsistent definitions, risk factors, and treatment strategies. Methylene blue emerges as a promising therapy due to its ability to counteract the nitric oxide-cGMP pathway. The authors advocate for standardized definitions, early intervention, and large-scale trials to validate therapeutic protocols.

Impact of Inflammation After Cardiac Surgery on 30-Day Mortality and Machine Learning Risk Prediction

April 5, 2025 No Comments

This study investigates the effects of systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) on 30-day mortality following cardiac surgery and develops machine learning models to predict SIRS. Analyzing data from 1,908 patients, researchers found SIRS significantly raised mortality risk. Key predictors included preoperative anemia and intraoperative lactate peaks. Predictive models using random forest achieved high accuracy, offering insights for tailored interventions.

5-Year Outcomes After Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients With Aortic Stenosis

April 5, 2025 No Comments

This study presents 5-year outcomes from the Evolut Low Risk trial, comparing transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) with surgery in low-risk patients with severe aortic stenosis. Results showed no significant difference in all-cause mortality or disabling stroke between the groups, affirming TAVR as a noninferior option. Both treatments maintained excellent valve performance, similar quality-of-life improvements, and low reintervention rates.

Real-Time Blood Gas Management: Evaluating Quantum Perfusion System’s Accuracy Against a Standard Blood Gas Analysis in CPB

April 3, 2025 No Comments

This non-inferiority study evaluates the Quantum Perfusion System (QPS) for continuous blood gas monitoring during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) against the standard blood gas analyzer (BGA). Using data from 40 patients undergoing cardiac surgeries, QPS demonstrated high accuracy and agreement with BGA across all key parameters, adhering to Clinical Laboratory Improvement Amendments (CLIA) standards, and validating its utility as a trending device.

Perioperative Bleeding Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury in On-pump Cardiac Surgery—A Post-hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

April 1, 2025 No Comments

A post-hoc analysis of the ALBICS randomized trial with 1,386 cardiac surgery patients found that perioperative bleeding, as classified by the Universal Definition of Perioperative Bleeding (UDPB), was not independently linked to acute kidney injury (AKI). Rather, bleeding indirectly contributed to AKI through hypotension and fluid overload. The only transfusion product independently associated with AKI was fresh frozen plasma.

Innominate Artery Graft Cannulation for Selective Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Aortic Surgery: Clinical Findings and Feasibility

March 29, 2025 No Comments

This retrospective study evaluates the safety and efficacy of innominate artery (IA) graft cannulation for selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) in aortic surgery. Analyzing 196 patients, including those with Type A acute aortic dissection and Marfan syndrome, the results showed low rates of stroke (2.04%), mortality (3.06%), and acute renal failure (3.06%). IA graft cannulation emerged as a reliable and efficient technique for cerebral protection during complex aortic procedures.

CytoSorb Hemoadsorption of Apixaban During Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass for Heart Transplantation

March 29, 2025 No Comments

This case study reports on the successful intraoperative removal of apixaban using a CytoSorb hemoadsorption device during emergency heart transplantation. The 61-year-old patient, previously on apixaban, underwent cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), during which the device significantly reduced anticoagulant levels without complications. The results suggest CytoSorb may offer a viable method to manage DOACs in urgent cardiac surgery settings.

Impact of Different Sweep Gas Flow Rates on Respiratory Alkalosis and Cerebral Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

March 25, 2025 No Comments

This randomized clinical study assessed how varying sweep gas flow rates affect respiratory alkalosis and cerebral oxygenation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) in 84 open-heart surgery patients. The findings revealed that lower sweep gas flow rates help maintain normal carbon dioxide levels and enhance cerebral oxygen saturation post-rewarming. Adjusting the sweep gas flow rate before rewarming may prevent complications associated with respiratory alkalosis.

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Near-Infrared Spectroscopy to Monitor Cerebral and Renal Oxygen Saturation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass Surgery for Paediatric Congenital Heart Disease: Study Protocol for a Prospective Observational Cohort Trial

Evaluation of Postoperative Delirium in Cardiac Surgery Patients With the SDACS Screening Tool: A Multicenter-Multiphase Study

Vasoplegic Syndrome in Cardiac Surgery: Bridging Therapeutic Gaps with Best Practices and Future Research

Impact of Inflammation After Cardiac Surgery on 30-Day Mortality and Machine Learning Risk Prediction

5-Year Outcomes After Transcatheter or Surgical Aortic Valve Replacement in Low-Risk Patients With Aortic Stenosis

Real-Time Blood Gas Management: Evaluating Quantum Perfusion System’s Accuracy Against a Standard Blood Gas Analysis in CPB

Perioperative Bleeding Is Not an Independent Risk Factor for Acute Kidney Injury in On-pump Cardiac Surgery—A Post-hoc Analysis of a Randomized Clinical Trial

Innominate Artery Graft Cannulation for Selective Antegrade Cerebral Perfusion in Aortic Surgery: Clinical Findings and Feasibility

CytoSorb Hemoadsorption of Apixaban During Cardio-Pulmonary Bypass for Heart Transplantation

Impact of Different Sweep Gas Flow Rates on Respiratory Alkalosis and Cerebral Oxygenation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

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