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Category: Valve

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Early Outcome of Endoscopic Mitral Valve Surgery in Elderly Patients: A High-Volume Single Center Experience

This study analyzes the outcomes of endoscopic mitral valve surgery (MVS) in 756 patients, focusing on those aged ≥75. Despite the elderly patients’ increased surgical risk and prevalence of comorbidities like hypertension and diabetes, the perioperative outcomes were favorable. The use of minimally invasive techniques, including 3D-camera visualization, resulted in low rates of postoperative complications and a 2.2% acute mortality rate at 30 days for elderly patients. Thus, endoscopic MVS is deemed a viable option for elderly patients, underlining the importance of including it in heart-team discussions.

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February 24, 2024
Aorta

Artificial Intelligence in Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement: Its Current Role and Ongoing Challenges

The integration of Artificial Intelligence (AI) into Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement (TAVR) is revolutionizing cardiology, offering enhanced patient selection, procedural planning, and post-implantation monitoring. As TAVR becomes a viable option for a broader range of patients with severe aortic stenosis, AI’s role in interpreting medical imaging and developing risk models is increasingly critical. This article delves into AI’s current contributions to TAVR and examines the challenges and future directions of its implementation in ensuring optimized patient outcomes.

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February 15, 2024
AVR

The Northern New England Rapid Deployment Valve Experience: Survival and Procedural Outcomes From 2015 to 2021

This study examines the outcomes of rapid deployment aortic valve replacement (rdAVR) compared to stented aortic valve replacement (sAVR) in patients undergoing isolated aortic valve replacement or combined procedures with coronary artery bypass grafting from 2015 to 2021. Utilizing data from the Northern New England Cardiovascular Database, the research found that rdAVR offers significant advantages in terms of shorter cross-clamp and cardiopulmonary bypass times without compromising immediate postoperative gradients or long-term survival. However, rdAVR is associated with higher pacemaker rates, especially in larger valve sizes. The study concludes that rdAVR is a viable and safe alternative to sAVR, necessitating further long-term follow-up.

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February 7, 2024
Aortic Aneruysm

Midterm Clinical Outcomes of Reimplantation Versus Remodeling Valve-Sparing Aortic Root Replacement in Patients With Connective Tissue Disorders: A Meta-Analysis

This meta-analysis compared the midterm clinical outcomes of reimplantation versus remodeling techniques for valve-sparing aortic root replacement in patients with connective tissue disorders, finding no significant difference in mortality, reoperation rates, or postoperative aortic regurgitation. However, a sensitivity analysis excluding annuloplasty suggested that reimplantation may be superior to remodeling alone, indicating that further research is needed to fully evaluate these surgical techniques in this patient demographic.

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February 3, 2024
Chip Heart

Meta-Analysis of the Performance of AI-Driven ECG Interpretation in the Diagnosis of Valvular Heart Diseases

Artificial intelligence (AI) applied to electrocardiogram (ECG) interpretation shows high accuracy for early detection of valvular heart diseases (VHDs), based on a meta-analysis of data from 713,537 patients, with pooled accuracy and sensitivity of 81% and 83%, respectively. However, the low positive predictive value (PPV) of 13% suggests that AI should be used in conjunction with clinical judgment for VHD screening in primary care settings.

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February 2, 2024
Heart Valves

Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation to Treat Degenerated Aortic, Mitral and Tricuspid Bioprosthesis

Transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) is now a widely accepted treatment for a broad range of patients with aortic valve stenosis, including those at low surgical risk and with previously contraindicated conditions like bicuspid valves. It has also evolved to treat degenerated bioprosthetic valves in the aortic, mitral, and tricuspid positions, offering an alternative to redo surgery.

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January 31, 2024
Standby Perfusionist

Clinical Outcomes Following Transcatheter Mitral Valve-in-Valve Replacement Using a Meril Myval Transcatheter Heart Valve

This study reports on the outcomes of twenty patients who underwent transcatheter mitral valve-in-valve (TMViV) replacement using the Meril Myval transcatheter valve at a tertiary care centre in India, focusing on in-hospital, 30-day, and 1-year results. The findings show a 100% technical success rate, no significant leaks or obstructions, a 10% all-cause mortality at 1 year, and improved NYHA class in survivors, indicating that the procedure is safe and effective with low short-term and medium-term mortality.

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January 28, 2024
Exploding Kidney

Relationship Between Difference of Preoperative and Cardiopulmonary Bypass Mean Arterial Pressure, and Acute Kidney Injury in Cardiac Surgical Patients Undergoing Valve Surgery

In a study of 112 high-risk cardiac surgery patients, it was found that the difference in pre-operative and on-bypass mean arterial pressure (MAP) and cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) flows did not significantly predict early post-surgical acute kidney injury (CSA-AKI). However, baseline serum levels of Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and its early post-surgical percent change were strong independent predictors of CSA-AKI development, suggesting its potential as a useful biomarker in identifying patients at risk.

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January 8, 2024
Mini AVR GPT

New Approach for Combined Aortic Valve and Coronary Procedures Through the Left Anterior Minithoracotomy

A novel technique for aortic valve replacement and coronary artery bypass grafting through left anterior minithoracotomy has been successfully used in six patients, demonstrating technical feasibility and effectiveness without major complications. This approach, which allows simultaneous valve and multivessel coronary procedures, requires further study in a larger patient population to understand its potential limitations fully.

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January 5, 2024
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