Development of a CO₂ Sensor for Extracorporeal Life Support Applications

March 30, 2025 No Comments

This study presents the development of a novel optical CO₂ sensor for use in extracorporeal life support (ECLS) systems such as ECMO and ECCO₂R. The sensor accurately measures CO₂ concentration in oxygenator exhaust gas and gas flow to determine CO₂ removal rates. A built-in heating system prevents condensation, and a temperature control algorithm ensures measurement accuracy. Laboratory and in vivo validations confirm its clinical suitability.

The Feasibility of Centralized Application Services for Perfusion Education Programs

March 13, 2025 No Comments

Perfusion education programs have grown significantly in the U.S. over the past 30 years, with increasing accreditation and student enrollment. This study explores the benefits of a centralized application service (CAS) for perfusion programs, highlighting cost reductions and streamlined admissions. With rising demand for perfusionists, a CAS could improve accessibility, efficiency, and applicant diversity, ultimately strengthening the profession’s future.

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Perioperative Transfusion in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with CPB

February 3, 2025 No Comments

This study develops and validates a predictive model for perioperative red blood cell transfusion (PRT) risk in pediatric cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). Using data from 19,155 children, eight key predictors—including age, weight, preoperative hemoglobin, CPB duration, and cyanotic congenital heart disease—were identified. The nomogram demonstrated high accuracy (AUC 0.886) and clinical utility, aiding personalized blood management strategies to optimize outcomes and reduce transfusion risks.

The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Hospital Mortality of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Among Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

December 20, 2024 No Comments

This systematic review analyzes prolonged mechanical ventilation (PMV) post-cardiac surgery, finding an incidence rate of 20%. PMV, defined as ventilation lasting ≥24 hours, is linked to in-hospital mortality (odds ratio: 14.13). Key risk factors include advanced age, female sex, ejection fraction <50%, and body mass index >28 kg/m². PMV also correlates with conditions like chronic renal failure and prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass time. These insights highlight the need for targeted prevention and management strategies.

A New Protocol for Removal of the Endothelium from the Perfused Rat Hind-Limb Preparation

December 10, 2024 No Comments

This study introduces a novel method for selectively removing endothelial cells from rat hind-limb arteries using a high flow/air bubbles/high flow protocol. The technique effectively removes endothelium from larger arteries without damaging smooth muscle cells, arterioles, or capillaries. It enhances vascular reactivity, as shown by increased contractile responses to a,β-methylene ATP. This method provides a model for investigating vascular function with and without endothelial influence.

Efficacy and Safety of Impella in Cardiogenic Shock Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

December 3, 2024 No Comments

This meta-analysis reviewed four randomized controlled trials (442 patients) to evaluate the use of Impella in managing cardiogenic shock (CS) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI). Impella reduced 6-month all-cause mortality (OR: 0.64, 95% CI: 0.43-0.95, P = .03) but showed no significant impact on 30-day mortality. However, Impella was linked to increased risks of major bleeding (OR: 3.61), limb ischemia (OR: 4.91), and sepsis (OR: 2.75). Future research is needed to balance survival benefits against these complications.

Comparing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

November 29, 2024 No Comments

This systematic review and meta-analysis compared percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) for treating non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes (NSTE-ACS). Analyzing data from 15 studies with 48,891 patients, results showed no significant mortality difference between PCI and CABG. However, CABG reduced the risk of myocardial infarction (RR = 0.56) and repeat revascularization (RR = 2.94), while PCI was associated with a lower risk of cerebrovascular accidents (RR = 0.58). These findings emphasize individualized treatment strategies based on patient-specific risk profiles.

A Historical Perspective and Update on Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery

November 19, 2024 No Comments

This study reviews the evolution of minimally invasive mitral valve repair, emphasizing the use of robotic platforms from 2005 to 2023. Analyzing 1,412 robotic repairs, it highlights improvements in outcomes, including reduced cross-clamp and bypass times and high repair durability. Degenerative disease was the most common indication, with 98.1% repair success and a ten-year survival rate exceeding 91%. The findings support robotic surgery as a durable, teachable, and safe option for mitral valve repair.

A Comparative Study of Femoral Artery and Combined Femoral and Axillary Artery Cannulation in Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients

October 5, 2024 No Comments

This study investigates the clinical outcomes of two cannulation strategies—femoral artery (FA) cannulation and combined femoral and axillary artery (FA+AA) cannulation—in patients receiving veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (VA-ECMO) after cardiac surgery. The FA+AA group showed significant benefits in reducing chronic renal failure, platelet drop, and creatinine levels. Despite similar 30-day mortality rates, the combined approach led to fewer complications and faster recovery.

Low Frequency Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass to Protect Postoperative Lung Function in Cardiac Valvular Surgery: The PROTECTION Phase II Randomized Trial

October 1, 2024 No Comments

This trial assessed the safety and efficacy of low frequency ventilation (LFV) during cardiopulmonary bypass in patients undergoing valvular surgery. Sixty-three patients were randomized, and results showed LFV was associated with improved lung-specific biomarker levels and better-preserved lung function, including respiratory tests and walking ability. The study demonstrated LFV’s potential to protect lung function post-surgery, warranting further investigation in larger studies.

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Development of a CO₂ Sensor for Extracorporeal Life Support Applications

The Feasibility of Centralized Application Services for Perfusion Education Programs

Development and Validation of a Nomogram for Predicting Perioperative Transfusion in Children Undergoing Cardiac Surgery with CPB

The Incidence, Risk Factors, and Hospital Mortality of Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation Among Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A New Protocol for Removal of the Endothelium from the Perfused Rat Hind-Limb Preparation

Efficacy and Safety of Impella in Cardiogenic Shock Following Acute Myocardial Infarction: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Comparing Percutaneous Coronary Intervention and Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting in Non-ST-Segment Elevation Acute Coronary Syndromes: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A Historical Perspective and Update on Robotic Mitral Valve Surgery

A Comparative Study of Femoral Artery and Combined Femoral and Axillary Artery Cannulation in Veno-Arterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Patients

Low Frequency Ventilation During Cardiopulmonary Bypass to Protect Postoperative Lung Function in Cardiac Valvular Surgery: The PROTECTION Phase II Randomized Trial

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