Microvascular Dysfunction Following Cardioplegic Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Impacts of Diabetes and Hypertension

March 10, 2025 No Comments

This review examines microvascular dysfunction following cardioplegic arrest and cardiopulmonary bypass (CP/CPB), with a focus on diabetes and hypertension. It explores endothelial and vasomotor dysfunction, gene/protein expression changes, endothelial adherens junction impairment, and programmed cell death. The study highlights the role of oxidative stress, inflammation, and metabolic disruptions, providing insight into potential pharmacological interventions for improving surgical outcomes.

Effect of Intraoperative Fluid Volume on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Thoracic Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

March 9, 2025 No Comments

This systematic review and meta-analysis investigates the impact of intraoperative fluid volume on postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs) in thoracic surgeries. Analyzing 11 studies, the review finds that higher intraoperative fluid infusion is associated with an increased risk of PPCs. A restrictive fluid strategy may be safer, though high heterogeneity and potential biases necessitate further randomized controlled trials to establish definitive recommendations.

A Review of Recent Advances in Anesthetic Drugs for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

March 8, 2025 No Comments

This review explores recent advancements in anesthetic drugs for cardiac surgery. With no standard protocol for anesthesia in these procedures, the article examines commonly used agents such as opioids (fentanyl, sufentanil, remifentanil), volatile anesthetics, and novel drugs like dexmedetomidine and remimazolam. The study highlights opioid-free anesthesia approaches, innovative drug delivery systems, and enhanced recovery techniques to improve patient outcomes and reduce complications.

The Role of Continuous Monitoring of Venous Drainage Flow and Integrated Oxygen Extraction (ERiO2) via Bilateral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Cerebral Perfusion During Aortic Arch Surgery

March 6, 2025 No Comments

This study evaluates the role of continuous monitoring of venous drainage flow and oxygen extraction (ERiO2) using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) in cerebral perfusion during aortic arch surgery. A retrospective review of 10 patients undergoing selective antegrade cerebral perfusion (SACP) found a strong correlation (r = 0.91, p < 0.01) between ERiO2 and NIRS-derived regional oxygen saturation (rSO2). The study suggests that integrated monitoring improves perfusion management and neurological outcomes.

Lethal Myocardial Infarction in a Neonate During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

March 4, 2025 No Comments

This case study explores a neonate with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH) who experienced a lethal myocardial infarction (MI) while on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). The patient developed a large thrombus extending from the arterial cannula into the left main coronary artery, leading to severe cardiac dysfunction. Despite anticoagulation efforts, the clot progressed, resulting in a fatal outcome. The study highlights the challenges of managing neonatal ECMO and intracardiac thrombosis.

Outcomes and Biochemical Parameters Following Cardiac Surgery: Effects of Transfusion of Residual Blood Using Centrifugation and Multiple-Pass Hemoconcentration

March 4, 2025 No Comments

This study compares centrifugation (CF) and multiple-pass hemoconcentration (MPH) for salvaging residual blood after cardiopulmonary bypass. A randomized trial with 61 patients found that MPH resulted in higher postoperative albumin, total protein, fibrinogen, and platelet levels compared to CF. While CF processed blood faster and cleared heparin more consistently, MPH was associated with lower allogeneic transfusion needs and reduced fluid retention. Overall, MPH demonstrated improved biochemical and clinical outcomes.

Transfusion Use and Hemoglobin Levels by Blood Conservation Method After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

March 4, 2025 No Comments

This study evaluates three blood conservation techniques—online modified ultrafiltration (MUF), off-line MUF, and centrifugation—following cardiopulmonary bypass. A cohort of 99 patients was analyzed for transfusion rates, hemoglobin levels, and fluid balance. Results indicated no significant advantage of online MUF in reducing transfusions. Off-line MUF had the lowest transfusion rates, while online MUF showed greater hemoglobin improvement, likely due to fluid shifts.

Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure Associated with Inflammatory Factors Among Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

March 3, 2025 No Comments

This study investigates the relationship between pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and inflammatory factors in pediatric congenital heart disease (CHD) patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) after cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB). The study found that elevated preoperative PASP correlates with increased postoperative inflammatory cytokines, particularly IL-6 and IL-10. Higher PASP (>52 mmHg) predicted prolonged ventilation time (>21 hours), suggesting worsened postoperative outcomes.

Vasoplegic Syndrome Following Bypass: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Proposed Treatments

March 1, 2025 No Comments

Vasoplegic syndrome (VS) is a severe circulatory condition occurring post-cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB), affecting up to 44% of high-risk patients with mortality rates reaching 50%. It is characterized by profound hypotension, vasopressor resistance, and vascular collapse. The review explores pathophysiology, risk factors, and treatments, including nitric oxide synthase inhibitors (methylene blue, hydroxocobalamin), vasopressors, and fluid management to mitigate complications and improve survival.

Kidney Injury Under Diminished Pulsatile Flow Induced by V-A ECMO in Sheep

February 25, 2025 No Comments

Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is a lifesaving intervention used for critically ill patients, yet it is frequently associated with high incidences of kidney injury. This

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Microvascular Dysfunction Following Cardioplegic Arrest and Cardiopulmonary Bypass: Impacts of Diabetes and Hypertension

Effect of Intraoperative Fluid Volume on Postoperative Pulmonary Complications in Thoracic Surgeries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

A Review of Recent Advances in Anesthetic Drugs for Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery

The Role of Continuous Monitoring of Venous Drainage Flow and Integrated Oxygen Extraction (ERiO2) via Bilateral Near-Infrared Spectroscopy in Cerebral Perfusion During Aortic Arch Surgery

Lethal Myocardial Infarction in a Neonate During Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

Outcomes and Biochemical Parameters Following Cardiac Surgery: Effects of Transfusion of Residual Blood Using Centrifugation and Multiple-Pass Hemoconcentration

Transfusion Use and Hemoglobin Levels by Blood Conservation Method After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Pulmonary Artery Systolic Pressure Associated with Inflammatory Factors Among Pediatric Congenital Heart Disease with Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension After Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Vasoplegic Syndrome Following Bypass: A Comprehensive Review of Pathophysiology and Proposed Treatments

Kidney Injury Under Diminished Pulsatile Flow Induced by V-A ECMO in Sheep

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