AI-Driven Kidney Risk Prediction During Cardiac Surgery

Predicting Kidney Injury After Cardiac Surgery With Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using Machine Learning

March 22, 2026 No Comments

This study evaluates a machine learning (ML) model using electronic health record (EHR) data to predict acute kidney injury (AKI) after cardiac surgery. In 130 patients, the AI achieved strong predictive performance (AUROC 0.79 for AKI, 0.83 for 30-day kidney disease). The model enables early, automated risk stratification, offering a practical tool for proactive perioperative management and improved patient outcomes.

Global Cardiac Surgery Team Comparing HES vs Albumin

Comparison of 6% Hydroxyethyl Starch 130/0.4 vs 5% Albumin in Cardiopulmonary Bypass for Cardiac Surgery

March 21, 2026 No Comments

This meta-analysis of 12 studies (908 patients) compares 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES 130/0.4) and 5% albumin in cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Results show no significant differences in blood loss, transfusion needs, ICU stay, or mortality. However, HES is associated with a significantly higher risk of acute kidney injury, raising concerns about its renal safety despite similar overall efficacy.

Normothermic Regional Perfusion, Organ Transplantation, Donation After Circulatory Death, Bibliometric Analysis, Graft Survival, Ischemia Reperfusion Injury, Heart Transplantation, Liver Transplantation, Kidney Transplantation, Transplant Outcomes

Normothermic Regional Perfusion in Organ Transplantation: Trends, Key Topics, and Evolving Research Focus

March 20, 2026 No Comments

This bibliometric analysis reviews 372 studies on normothermic regional perfusion (NRP) from 2014–2025, showing rapid growth in research and global adoption. The United States led in publications, while the United Kingdom led in citations. Research focus has shifted from kidney and liver complications to heart transplantation and outcomes, highlighting NRP’s expanding role in improving graft viability and transplant success.

Monitoring Venous Pressure After Cardiac Surgery: Protecting Kidney Function

Exploring the Role of Central Venous Pressure in Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Comprehensive Scoping Review

March 20, 2026 No Comments

This scoping review evaluates the association between central venous pressure (CVP) and acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery, particularly CABG. Across 16 studies, elevated CVP consistently correlated with higher AKI risk, especially when combined with low mean arterial pressure. However, variability in CVP thresholds and study designs limits clinical standardization. The findings highlight CVP as a potential perioperative marker requiring further validation.

Gradual vs Rapid Cardiopulmonary Bypass Initiation During Cardiac Surgery

A Comparative Study of the Effect of Slow and Rapid Initiation of Cardiopulmonary Pump on Tissue Oxygenation Index and Ischemic Complications

March 16, 2026 No Comments

This randomized, double-blind study compared rapid (30-second) versus slow (180-second) initiation of cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during coronary artery bypass surgery. Researchers evaluated cerebral tissue oxygenation, arterial oxygen pressure, hematocrit changes, and postoperative delirium. While tissue oxygenation and hematocrit showed no significant differences, the rapid initiation group had lower arterial oxygen levels and a trend toward higher postoperative delirium rates.

Kidneys at Risk During Cardiac Bypass Surgery

Risk Factors for Acute Kidney Injury After Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

March 13, 2026 No Comments

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. This systematic review and meta-analysis analyzed 17 observational studies including 33,809 patients to identify key predictors of AKI. Significant risk factors included advanced age, prolonged cardiopulmonary bypass duration, diabetes, intra-aortic balloon pump use, and red blood cell transfusion. Recognizing these risks may help clinicians improve perioperative management and reduce kidney complications after cardiac surgery.

A Prospective Observational Study on Role of Intraoperative Renal & Muscle Oxygen Saturation on Post-Operative Serum Creatinine Level in Patients Undergoing Cardiac Surgery on Cardiopulmonary Bypass

March 5, 2026 No Comments

This prospective observational study evaluated whether intraoperative renal (SrO₂) and thenar muscle oxygen saturation (SmO₂), measured using near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS), could predict post-operative increases in serum creatinine in patients undergoing cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass. Among 55 patients, a >20% decrease in renal oxygen saturation strongly predicted post-operative creatinine rise, while a 15% decrease in muscle oxygen saturation also showed strong predictive value. Both parameters were significantly correlated.

Outcomes of Heart Failure Hospitalizations at Urban Teaching vs. Non-Teaching Hospitals: A Nationwide Propensity Score Matched Analysis in the United States

February 26, 2026 No Comments

This nationwide propensity-matched study of 7.5 million U.S. heart failure hospitalizations (2016–2022) found that urban teaching hospitals had higher inpatient mortality, complication rates, length of stay, costs, and palliative care consultations compared with urban non-teaching hospitals. Despite worse in-hospital outcomes, 30- and 90-day readmission rates were similar. Findings likely reflect referral bias and greater illness severity at teaching centers rather than differences in care quality.

Expanding the Donor Pool: Rethinking Time to Death in DCD Liver Transplantation

Donor Time to Death and DCD Liver Transplant Outcomes: Challenging the Dogma That Shorter Is Better

February 23, 2026 No Comments

This large UNOS registry study of 8,489 DCD liver transplants (2010–2024) found that shorter donor time to death (TTD) was associated with worse graft survival, while prolonged TTD did not negatively impact outcomes—even without normothermic regional perfusion (NRP). Despite this, liver utilization declined sharply after 15 minutes of TTD. Simulation modeling showed that avoiding TTD-based decline could increase utilization by 17%, potentially adding hundreds of safe transplants.

Indexed Delivery of Oxygen Predicts In-Hospital Mortality and Morbidity in Reoperative Adult Cardiac Surgery Patients: A Retrospective Cohort Study

February 20, 2026 No Comments

This retrospective cohort study of 343 reoperative cardiac surgery patients found that low indexed oxygen delivery (DO₂i) during cardiopulmonary bypass independently predicted in-hospital mortality and major morbidity. A median DO₂i below 289 mL/min/m² was associated with a fourfold increase in mortality risk, higher rates of acute kidney injury, cardiac complications, and prolonged ventilation. Optimizing intraoperative oxygen delivery may improve outcomes in this high-risk population.