Incidence, Risk Factors and Outcomes of Postoperative Acute Kidney Injury Requiring Dialysis After Cardiac Surgery: A Retrospective Study from the National Heart Institute of Malaysia

April 6, 2026 No Comments

This retrospective Malaysian cohort study examined 6,779 adult cardiac surgery patients and found that 4.5% developed postoperative acute kidney injury requiring dialysis. Risk was higher in patients with chronic kidney disease, urgent surgery, diabetes, reoperation, and longer ICU stay. Dialysis-requiring AKI was linked to sharply increased mortality, especially among patients without baseline CKD, highlighting the need for earlier renal risk stratification and kidney-protective perioperative care.

The Combined Use of HA380 Hemoperfusion in Cardiopulmonary Bypass Alleviates Postoperative Inflammatory Response and Organ Dysfunction Following Cardiac Surgery

April 6, 2026 No Comments

This randomized single-center trial evaluated 65 patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with cardiopulmonary bypass and found that adding the HA380 hemoperfusion cartridge reduced early postoperative inflammatory cytokines, including IL-1β, IL-6, IL-8, and IL-10. The HA380 group also had lower vasoactive-inotropic requirements and better short-term liver and kidney laboratory markers, although ICU ventilation time and ICU stay were not significantly improved.

Bright Operating Room Scene for Normoxic vs Hyperoxic CABG Reperfusion

Normoxic versus Hyperoxic Reperfusion: A Retrospective Study of Ischemia–Reperfusion Injury in Patients Undergoing On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting

April 1, 2026 No Comments

This retrospective study compared normoxic and hyperoxic reperfusion strategies in 50 patients undergoing elective on-pump CABG. Although oxygen delivery was similar between groups, normoxic management was associated with lower postoperative myocardial injury, better cardiac index, smaller declines in ejection fraction, and lower oxidative stress. The findings suggest that physiology-guided oxygenation may reduce ischemia–reperfusion injury during cardiopulmonary bypass.

Sevoflurane Delivery During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Estimated End-Tidal Sevoflurane Concentration to Maintain Optimal Anesthetic Depth During Cardiopulmonary Bypass: A Meta-Analysis

March 29, 2026 No Comments

This meta-analysis examined how much end-tidal sevoflurane is needed to maintain appropriate anesthetic depth during cardiopulmonary bypass. Across five prospective studies involving 129 adults, the pooled estimate was 0.88 vol% for a BIS target of 40–60. Older patients required less sevoflurane, while body temperature did not significantly change dosing needs. The findings offer a practical reference point, although evidence certainty remained limited by heterogeneity and small study sizes.

Safer Bypass: Oxygenator Design and Delirium Risk in CABG

Oxygenator-Related Gaseous Microemboli and Postoperative Delirium After On-Pump Coronary Artery Bypass Grafting: A Prospective Cohort Study

March 28, 2026 No Comments

This prospective cohort study examined 102 adults undergoing first-time isolated on-pump CABG and compared three membrane oxygenators: Capiox FX25, Inspire 8, and Inspire 8F. The Capiox FX25 showed the lowest arterial gaseous microemboli volume and the best volume reduction, while postoperative delirium occurred in 29.4% overall and was least frequent with Capiox FX25. The findings suggest oxygenator choice may influence neurocognitive outcomes after cardiac surgery.

Custodiol Versus Del Nido Cardioplegia in Minimally Invasive Mitral Valve Repair–a Propensity Score-Matched Study

March 24, 2026 No Comments

This propensity score-matched, single-center study compared Custodiol and Del Nido cardioplegia in 778 patients undergoing minimally invasive mitral valve repair. Del Nido was linked to lower postoperative CK and CK-MB release, less need for cardioversion after declamping, fewer shocks, higher perioperative sodium, and lower early inotrope use. Major complications, length of stay, and 30-day mortality were similar, suggesting better myocardial protection with Del Nido.

Monitoring Venous Pressure After Cardiac Surgery: Protecting Kidney Function

Exploring the Role of Central Venous Pressure in Cardiac Surgery-Associated Acute Kidney Injury: A Comprehensive Scoping Review

March 20, 2026 No Comments

This scoping review evaluates the association between central venous pressure (CVP) and acute kidney injury (AKI) following cardiac surgery, particularly CABG. Across 16 studies, elevated CVP consistently correlated with higher AKI risk, especially when combined with low mean arterial pressure. However, variability in CVP thresholds and study designs limits clinical standardization. The findings highlight CVP as a potential perioperative marker requiring further validation.

Calculated vs Reality: The CPB Balancing Act

Is Continuous In-Line Blood Gas Monitoring Reliable During Cardiopulmonary Bypass When PaO2 and PaCO2 Are Calculated Rather Than Measured?

March 17, 2026 No Comments

This study evaluates the accuracy of calculated versus measured blood gas values during cardiopulmonary bypass using the Quantum System. In 81 patients, calculated PaO2 was significantly overestimated before calibration and during rewarming, often exceeding acceptable error limits. PaCO2 performed better but drifted with temperature changes. Findings highlight limitations of formula-based monitoring and emphasize the need for calibration and cautious interpretation.

Suction Flow and Reservoir Levels Driving Microemboli During Cardiopulmonary Bypass

The Effect of Surgical Field Suction Flow Rate and Venous Reservoir Levels on Gaseous Microemboli Transmission

March 17, 2026 No Comments

This in vitro study investigated how suction flow rate and venous reservoir level influence gaseous microemboli (GME) during cardiopulmonary bypass. Using a mock CPB circuit with bovine blood, higher suction speeds and lower reservoir levels significantly increased GME transmission. The interaction between these variables was strongest at the venous line, while arterial filtration reduced but did not eliminate emboli.

Dry Venous Line Initiation and Microemboli Formation in Cardiopulmonary Bypass

Initiating Cardiopulmonary Bypass Using a Dry Venous Line: Implications and Analysis

March 17, 2026 No Comments

This experimental study evaluated the effects of initiating cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a dry venous line using vacuum-assisted venous drainage (VAVD). Researchers compared gaseous microemboli (GME) production with traditional primed venous lines. Results showed significantly higher GME counts and volumes with dry venous lines, particularly at higher vacuum pressures and instant initiation. Lower vacuum levels and delayed initiation reduced GME generation.