This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluates the effectiveness of remote ischemic preconditioning (RIPC) in preventing cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass. Despite hypothesized benefits, the meta-analysis of five studies encompassing 1,843 participants showed that RIPC does not significantly reduce the incidence or severity of postoperative cognitive dysfunction. The findings suggest that RIPC is not effective as a neuroprotective strategy in CABG patients.